Codex does not surface 429 Too Many Requests responses from model providers

What version of Codex is running?

codex-cli 0.42.0

Which model were you using?

gpt-5

What platform is your computer?

Linux 6.10.14-linuxkit aarch64 unknown

What steps can reproduce the bug?

1. Create an Azure OpenAI deployment
2. Configure the deployment to rate limit
3. Confirm that when making requests to Azure OpenAI above the limit you see an error similar to the below:

{"error":{"code":"429","message": "Requests to the ChatCompletions_Create Operation under OpenAI Language Model Instance API have exceeded token rate limit of your current OpenAI S0 pricing tier. Please retry after 58 seconds. Please go here: https://aka.ms/oai/quotaincrease if you would like to further increase the default rate limit. For Free Account customers, upgrade to Pay as you Go here: https://aka.ms/429TrialUpgrade."}}

1. Configure Codex CLI to use this deployment

What is the expected behavior?

Codex CLI should alert the user that the model provider has reached an API request limit, if the limit was due to an API key reaching it's token threshold, then it should warn the user about that. Perhaps ask the user if Codex should continue to retry or give up for now. Maybe even surface the actual error message to the user for greater clarity of the issue. Currently Codex defaults to not letting the user know of this issue and instead keeps retrying.

What do you see instead?

_No response_

Additional information

_No response_